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M9550212.TXT
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1995-03-04
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Document 0212
DOCN M9550212
TI The use of antibiotics in the treatment and prevention of infection in
HIV-infected children.
DT 9505
AU Ruga E; Giaquinto C; Cozzani S; Giacomelli A; Pagliaro A; Mazza A; De
Manzini A; Laverda AM; D'Elia R; Department of Paediatrics, University
of Padua, Italy.
SO Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1994 Aug;400:70-2. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/95135024
AB Children with HIV infection have an unusual susceptibility to bacterial
infection, related to several immune abnormalities. Selection of initial
antibiotic therapy must be individualized in these children. Patients
with community-acquired disease are most likely to have infection by
polysaccharide-encapsulated bacterial organism, most commonly
Streptococcus pneumoniae and less frequently by Haemophilus influenzae
type b. If it is possible to treat the patients at home, the use of
amoxicillin-clavulanic acid might be appropriate. Other authors propose
management with parenteral ceftriaxone because of the better compliance
and the malabsorption. In hospitalized patients, concern for
Gram-negative enteric pathogens other than polysaccharide-encapsulated
organisms requires initial therapy with a third-generation
cephalosporine in combination with an aminoglycoside.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethizole is the most common drug used in HIV-infected
children because it is recommended for the initial therapy and for
prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, which occurs in as many
as 42% of these children.
DE AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/COMPLICATIONS/*PREVENTION &
CONTROL Child Clinical Trials Drug Therapy, Combination Human HIV
Infections/*COMPLICATIONS Sulfamethizole/*THERAPEUTIC USE
Trimethoprim/*THERAPEUTIC USE JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).